Japanese stocks closed lower today after three sessions of gains.

Japanese stocks concluded the stock market session on Tuesday with a decline, following three consecutive sessions of gains, after the release of wage and household expenditure data in Japan today, amid global market concerns and the rise of the Japanese yen.

This decline affected Japanese stock indices, as the US dollar fell against the Japanese yen by 0.42% to 147.53 yen, negatively impacting the performance of exporters' stocks, such as Toyota Motor, whose shares dropped by 2.93%. Major companies like Sony and SoftBank Group also saw a decrease in their stock prices.

Regarding the trading of major indices on the Japanese stock exchange today, the Nikkei 225 NIKKEI index fell by 1% to close at 38,937.54 points after a three-day increase, while the broader Topix TOPIX index decreased by 1.47% to close at 2,699.15 points, with the Tokyo Stock Exchange experiencing a drop in nearly 84% of the main market's stocks at closing.

Data released by the Japanese Statistics Bureau today showed that household spending in Japan declined by 1.9% year-on-year in August, a weaker decline compared to expectations of a 2.6% drop.

This decline is the fastest pace of decrease since January, which recorded a 6.3% year-on-year decline in household spending. This decline also comes ahead of the spring wage negotiations that resulted last year in the largest wage increases for Japanese unionized workers in 33 years.

However, real wages rose in August, as data from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare indicated that wages increased by 3%.